Carbide performance improvement

Cemented carbide as a modern tool materials, application is becoming more and more widely, so how to use limited resources to improve the efficiency of higher? It's need to improve the performance of hard alloy to improve service life and the work efficiency.

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A, improve the quality of raw materials

1. To improve the purity of raw materials

Thought to levels below 200 PPM Na, Li, B, F, A1 and other trace elements of N, P, K powder reduction, carbonization and sintering of hard alloy to some extent, the influence of the performance of alloy and the effects of organizational structure is also worth studying.

High strength, high impact toughness of the alloy (such as mining alloy and milling cutter) demand is high,

Impact load is not big but it requires the continuous cutting tool machining accuracy high alloy is not high to the requirement of purity of raw materials.

2. Control the particle size and distribution of raw materials

Prevent defects: should avoid carbide or cobalt powder raw material in large particles, prevent alloy during sintering generated thick carbide grain and cobalt pool.

Optimize performance: to control the particle size and particle size composition of raw materials, to meet the needs of different products. Such as cutting tool should have less than 2 microns of tungsten carbide powder's particle size, abrasive tools should choose 2 to 3 micron tungsten carbide powder, while mining tools shall be greater than 3 micron tungsten carbide powder.

Grading: our country now also developed a hydraulic technique and technology of the continuous gradation of tungsten powder, can according to need to industrial tungsten powder can be divided into five to eight grade, lower limit of 0.5-2 microns.

Second, improve the organization structure of alloy

Ultrafine grain alloy:

Carbide grain size is less than 1 microns, simultaneously has the high hardness and toughness.

Heterogeneous structure alloy:

Heterogeneous structure of the alloy are two kinds of different ingredients or mixtures of different particle size mixture together at microscopic organization or components made of special varieties of uneven carbide, it is often both coarse grain of alloy with high toughness and high wear resistance, fine grain alloy with high cobalt alloy or with high toughness and high wear resistance of low cobalt alloy.

Structure of the alloy

Through a special production process to make alloys organization by those rich cobalt metal pulse range associated with the orientation of tungsten carbide shaft single crystal wafer area of this alloy under shock compression are outstanding wear resistance and high durability.

The gradient alloy:

Composition gradient changes of the alloy, the hardness and toughness presents gradient change.

Three, improve or choose new hard phase and binder phase

Hard phase:

Common hard phase is tungsten carbide, but due to the shortage of tungsten resources in the world. Developed by TiC TaC, Cr3C2 open hard phase of the alloy, etc. In addition, adding different amount of ZrC is studied. HfC, Cr3C2, VC, MO2C and NbC carbide to refine alloy to improve the performance of the organization. Among the more effective is HfC, TaC, VC,

Other carbide, due to the poor wettability of binding metal on them, so it failed to make big progress.

Binding phase

Commonly used cobalt such as adding alloying elements, add some inert oxide superfine to strengthen the binding phase;

Using Ni, Fe, or other metal to replace the cobalt binding phase, alone with Ni and Fe as binder. On the wettability of the hard phase, is not necessarily ideal for hard phase solubility, etc

Metal binding phase. Fe, Co, Ni alloy, (Fe, Ni) alloy, CraC2 - (Ni, p) binding phase carbide, with copper alloy, Ni, MO alloy, Nb - Co alloy, Nb - Ni alloy such as cemented carbide binder

Because of cobalt with good comprehensive performance, it for carbide, especially the carbide tungsten carbide based, or the best bonding metal effect.

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